Every cell in the human body, including those in the muscles, tissues, and brain, needs glucose as a source of energy. 'Insulin', a hormone secreted by the pancreas, regulates the blood's glucose levels at any given time. When a person has diabetes, their pancreas either secretes insufficient amounts of insulin or their body cells develop insulin resistance. As a result, the blood glucose levels rise, resulting in high blood sugar. Diabetes type 1 is a chronic illness in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin. It is sometimes referred to as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes. Insulin resistance, which occurs in type 2 diabetes, refers to improper insulin utilization by the body. The pancreas first compensates by producing more insulin, but as time goes on, it becomes unable to keep up and is unable to produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood glucose levels.
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