Infectious diseases are conditions brought on by organisms, typically minute in size, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that are transmitted from one person to another either directly or indirectly. Moreover, exposure to an infected animal that carries a pathogenic bacterium that can infect humans can result in human infection. In low-income nations, particularly in young children, infectious illnesses are a primary cause of death. HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis are no longer among the top ten global causes of death due to the sharp decline in their respective death tolls in recent years. Yet, in low-income nations, chronic illnesses continue to be a major cause of death. Another infectious disease that is a leading cause of death in developing nations is malaria. One pathogenic agent is the cause of all three of these illnesses.
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